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3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

S. S. STEVENS.

MANUFAGTUREOFPAPER.

No. 366,700. Patented July 19, 1887.

' INVENTEIR #w awn/am WITNESSES (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2; S. S. STEVENS.

MANUFAOTURE OF PAPER.

NO. 366,700. Patented July 19. 1887.

INVENTE] R N. PETERS. PhoXo-Lilhognpher, Wilhiflgiumlc.

WITNE 551:5 Zia-(4% (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet3.

S. S. STEVENS.

MANUFAGTURE OF PAPER. No. 366,700. Patented July 19, 188'].

WITNESSES"; INVBNTI3R= n PETERS, Phclvmhographar. Wanhi ooooo c UNITED STATES PATENT QEETCE.

SAMUEL STOUGHTON STEVENS, OF NORTH HOOSICK, NEV YORK.

MANUFACTURE OF PAPER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 366,700, dated July 19, 1887.

Application tiled August 30, 1886. Serial No. 212,218. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, SAMUEL ,SroUeIrroN STEvENs, a citizen of the United States, residing at North Hoosick, in the town of Hoosick, county of Rensselaer and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Manufacture of Paper; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact deseription of the same, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure lis a view in perspective of the machine complete. Fig. 2 is a view partly in elevation and partly in longitudinal crosssection. Fig. 3 is a view in perspective of the upper portion of the machine, which can be used for certain kinds of stock without the lower portion. Fig. 4is a view in perspective of one of the pins when steam is admitted through it.

Similar letters of reference refer to thesame parts in the several figures.

The nature of my invention consists in arranging the machinery in such a way as to treat the stock,which is to be made into paper, contin uousl y,from the time the stock is first taken from the bale until itis delivered to the washingtubs or washers, without stopping the ma chine to cool or remove the stock, but in such a way as it will move through in one continu ous stream. Heretofore the stock has been submitted to a boiling or cooking process in an open vessel, or by the injection of steam and alkali in a close vessel, and the samekcpt in motion in order to bring the alkali in eon-.,

tact with all the fibers of the stock. The best plan heretofore used consists in a revolving boiler, where hot alkali is placed in the boiler, together with the stock, and made to revolve, steam being introduced while revolving to keep the alkali hot; and by this means the stock is reduced to a pulp, and theink or other foreign substances which may be upon the stock is freed from it by the chemical action of the alkali, and will be mixed through it. \Vhcn this treatment has been kept up a sulfieient length of time, the boiler is stopped and allowed to cool sufficiently to remove the stock to the washer. This consumes time. In this old treatment a certain quantity is putinto the boiler, and is treated until the whole is sufficiently cooked; and the process is of longer duration, and has a tendency to set the color of the ink somewhat into the fiber of the stock, and the stock will not be as white as when treated by my process, so that it will require more bleaching, which also increases the expense.

I use, what isknown in the art ofpaper-making, the machine called the rag or rope devil or picker, and take the stock after it has passed through the duster, (whcreit is necessary to use the duster, which depends on the condition of the stock,) directly through a hopper, together with the hot alkali, into the small end of the devil. Steam is injected through the outer shell of the devil, and comes in contact with the alkali and stock and keeps it hot, and increases the temperature. The action of the devil on the stock tears the paper or other stock akin to it to pieces by means of the teeth, in the usual way, at the same time the alkali and steam are acting upon it while it is passing through the annular space between the outer surface of the revolving cone and the inner surface of the shell. The stock being moved by the centrifugal force, owingto the revolution of the cone, will pass to thelarger end of the cylinder. The steam and hot alkali will act on a smaller amount of the stock at a time. In other words, the stock will be in a thin layer in the annular space above referred to, and the action of the alkali will be at the same moment that the teeth are acting on the fiber, and the result will be more quickly attained than in the old process. \Vhen it is re quired to treat the stock still more, owing to its coarser nature, which requires more subduing, I employ, in connection with the devil, what is known as the Jordan en gine.) I place the devil above the Jordan engine with its large end over the small end of the Jordan engine, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe the same with reference to the drawings.

C is the devil, furnished with teeth on the outer surface of the conical revolving cylinder and on the inner surface of the stationary shell, in the usual wcllknown way.

E is the Jordan engine.

35 the cylinder B is the hopper, into which the stock and hot alkali are introduced, which pass down together onto the revolving cylinder.

A is the reservoir which contains the hot alkali, which may be pumped up from where it is heated, or, if the mill is so arranged, it can be heated in the reservoir and save the pumping process. The reservoir is connected by a pipe, to, to the hopper B, through which the hot alkali passes. This pipe a is made in the form of an inverted T at its lower end,with the branches a perforated, so the hot alkali will be discharged in a row of small streams,which will meet the stream of stock brought up by 1 the elevator B as itis delivered to the hopper. This diffuses the alkali over the stock evenly instead of delivering it in one solid stream. This bringsthe hot alkali in contact with all the stock as it enters the devil. This pipe is provided with a gage cock to enable the attendant to regulate the amount of alkali required. Steam may be admitted in any portion of the shell; but it should be somewhat remote from the hopper where the stock en- 2 ters, as the face of the steam too. near that point will tend to blow out of the opening. I have shown it in Fig. 2 in two places, and in Figs. 1 and 3 in one place.

D is the pipe which conveys the steam,and is provided with agage-cock, D", to regulate the amount required. In Fig. 2 I show it as entering at the top, and also as entering through thejournal O, which is made hollow and communicates with the hollow portion of Either of the journals may be used for this purpose. \Vhere this last device is used, I construct the cylinder with an iron or steel 'shell and the teeth f fastened to it on the outside. These teeth are made hol 0 low, or with a hole through them lengthwise, j

which connect with the inside of the cylinder by means of holes in the shell of the cylinder, so that the steam can pass from the inside of the cylinder through each one of the teeth, and 5 then come in contact with the stock uniformly through the whole length of the cylinder.

The body of the cylinder may be perforated with a sufficient number of holes to allow the passage of the steam from the inside of the cylinder to the stock, in which case the teeth are made solid. One of these teeth is shown in perspective in Fig. 4. In Fig. 1 I have shownthe steam-pipe as entering on the side, and in Fig. 3 as entering on the top.

I construct the outside shell of the devil C wit-h a depression, d, on the lowest part of its circumference and running lengthwise, so that any heavy substances-like nails-will by their own gravity fall into the depression..

This depression is furnished at each end with an opening, f, with proper devices for keep-' ing them closed while the machine is in op eration; and it is also provided with a scraper attached to. a handle, cl, which the operator can draw back and forth, and when the open ings are open can scrape out all that may be held in the depression.

0 represents the discharge-pipe for the pulp when the operation is complete, when the devil only is used, and F is the discharge-pipe when both devil and J ordan'engine are used.

D is a pipe to connect the devil and Jordan engine when both are to be used for conveyin g the stock from the large end of the devil to the small endof the Jordan engine, and 1s provided with a cock to close the pipe when the also provided with a cock to be closed when both devil and Jordan engine are used, as the stock will pass from the devil to and through the Jordan engine and be discharged through the pipe F to the washer. A steam-p pe, H-, is connected with the connecting-pipe D, with a proper gage-cock below the gage-cockf to admit steam into the Jordan engine to keep up the heat when both devil and Jordan engine are used. I

The discharge-pipe, when the devil is used alone and the Jordan engine is idle, is shown in Fig. 1 as attached to the side of the outside shell, and in Fig. 3, when the dev1 l 1s set up by itself without the Jordan engine, the discharge-pipe is shown attached to the large end of the outer shell. These attachments are, however, of minor importance, and will be governed somewhat by any modlfications in the construction and arrangement of the entire mill, but must in all cases take the stock from the large end of either the conical shell of the deviLor of the large end of the Jordan engine. I I

It frequently occurs that in some kinds of stock there are pieces of twine and other things which may hang around the teeth in the devil, and it is necessary to have occasional access to clear the teeth. In order to do this readily, I provide one or more of the lugs D which form the outer surface of the shell, with hinges d and buttons 6, by which it can be opened, and the attendant will have ready access to the interior to remove such obstructions. I

Motion is communicated to the shaft which supports the one or the other of the two members' that is, the devil or the Jordan engineand when both members are used, it is communicated to the other member.

- In Fig. 1 I have shown the power as applied to the Jordan engine, and from there by gears to the devil; but this may he modified to suit circumstances.

It is necessary sometimes to introduce more liquid than will be furnished by the hot alkali and the steam, and to do this hot water is pumped in sufficient quantities into the hopper B. This is shown by a pipe, a, Fig. 1.

- The operation is as follows: The stock is taken from a bale and placed on an apron, which carries it to the hopper B, when the stock is of such a nature as not to require the use of the duster, or it may be taken from an upper floor and dumped directly into the hopper. When the duster is used, another apron is used to convey the stock from the duster to devil only is used. .The discharge-pipe O is the hopper. The duster is a machine well known in the art of paper making. The stream or stock meets the stream of hot alkali and both enter the hopper together, the chemical action of the alkali commencing as soon as they meet, and, passing together upon the revolving cylinder of the devil, are taken by the pins through the machine, the steam passing into the devil to keep the alkali hot and increase its temperature. The pins or teeth on the rotating cylinder, passing between the pins or teeth on the interior surface of the shell, tear the stock into fine pieces, the hot alkali cuts the ink or other foreign substances from the fiber of the stock and frees the stock from it, and thejoint action of the pins in the devil, as the cylinder is rotated,with the action of the hot alkali, reduces the stock to a pulpy substance very quickly as the alkali comes in contact with all the fibers of the stock at the instant the stockis torn fine. The action is simultaneous and constant, and by the time it has passed the whole length of the devil in one case, or (if it is required) through the whole length of both devil and Jordan engine, it is discharged direct to the washer. \V hen it reaches the washer, the fibers of the stock are thoroughly separated from ink or any foreign substances, the ink or other foreign substances being held in solution, but mixed in with the fibers of the stock. The washer readily washes out the foreign substances and leaves the pulp clean to go to the bleacher. It will be seen that the operation is continuous, and there is no stopping of the process to allow the rotary boiler to cool and remove the stock from it, as there is no rotary boiler; andit is found in practice that the color of the stock is much whiter, and therefore requires less bleaching, than in the old pro cess, for reasons hcreinbefore stated. I

I am aware that paper-stock has been groun d with alkali and steam in a steam-tight vessel, and do not claim said process or operation.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim therein as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The hereinbefore described process of manufacturing pulp from paper-stock, which consists in introducing the stock, alkali, and steam continuously into the devil, and submitting it to the rotary and grinding action of said devil in contact with the alkali and steam and discharging the whole continuously therefrom, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The hereinbeforedescribed process of manufacturing pulp from paper-stock, which consists in introducing the stock, alkali, and steam continuously first into the devil and subi'nitting it to the rotary and grinding action of said devil in contact with the alkali and steam and discharging the whole continuously into a Jordan engine, and submitting it therein to a similar operation and discharging it continuously therefrom, substantially as and for the purpose described.

SAMUEL S'lOUGll'lON STEVENS.

\Vitnesses:

CHARLES H. BoYN'roN, LYMAN G. WILDER. 

